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citizenshipGlendaleUpdated: February 16, 202612 min read
Citizenship Application Delays Resolution in Glendale: Guide for Arab Immigrants
Expert strategies to resolve N-400 naturalization delays and expedite citizenship processing in Glendale
SoCal Immigration Services
Reviewed by: Maria Santos, DOJ Accredited Representative
Quick Answer
Glendale is home to one of the largest Armenian-Arab communities in the United States, with thousands of immigrants waiting for their citizenship applications to be processed. At SoCal Immigration Services, we specialize in resolving N-400 naturalization delays for Glendale residents, using legal strategies including mandamus lawsuits, congressional inquiries, and USCIS ombudsman requests to get your citizenship case moving.
Reviewed for accuracy by
Maria Santos
DOJ Accredited Representative • 15+ years experience
Glendale is home to one of the largest Armenian-Arab communities in the United States, with thousands of immigrants waiting for their citizenship applications to be processed. At SoCal Immigration Services, we specialize in resolving N-400 naturalization delays for Glendale residents, using legal strategies including mandamus lawsuits, congressional inquiries, and USCIS ombudsman requests to get your citizenship case moving.
Understanding Citizenship Application Processing Delays
Many Glendale residents, particularly in the Armenian-Arab community, are experiencing significant delays in their N-400 naturalization applications. While USCIS publishes processing time estimates, many applications far exceed these timeframes without explanation.
Normal vs. Abnormal Processing Times:
USCIS Published Processing Times (2026):
- National Average: 6-12 months for N-400 naturalization
- Los Angeles Field Office: 10-16 months typical processing
- San Fernando Valley Office (serves Glendale): 12-18 months average
What Qualifies as "Delayed":
Your citizenship application is considered unreasonably delayed if:
1. Exceeds USCIS Processing Times: Your case has been pending longer than the posted processing time for your field office
2. Interview Completed, No Decision: More than 120 days since your naturalization interview without a decision
3. Name Check Stuck: Your application is pending due to background check delays for 6+ months after interview
4. No Interview Scheduled: Application pending 2+ years without interview scheduled
5. Multiple Inquiries Ignored: You've contacted USCIS multiple times without resolution
Common Delay Categories:
Type 1: Pre-Interview Delays
- Application filed but no biometrics appointment scheduled
- Biometrics completed but no interview scheduled
- Waiting 18+ months without any progress
Type 2: Post-Interview Delays
- Interview completed successfully but no decision
- Officer said "approved" but no oath ceremony scheduled
- Stuck in "Quality Review" or "Supervisor Review"
Type 3: Background Check Delays
- FBI name check pending indefinitely
- Security clearance issues
- Administrative processing with no end date
Type 4: Complex Case Delays
- Prior immigration violations requiring review
- Multiple countries of residence
- Common name causing confusion with other individuals
- Prior arrests or criminal history requiring evaluation
Impact of Delays on Glendale Residents:
Citizenship delays affect Armenian-Arab community members in multiple ways:
Unable to Travel:
- Green card may expire during long wait
- Refugee Travel Document expired
- Fear of leaving U.S. during pending application
Cannot Sponsor Family:
- Waiting to petition parents as U.S. citizen (faster processing)
- Cannot sponsor siblings (only citizens can)
- Unable to bring family members stuck in conflict zones
Employment Limitations:
- Jobs requiring U.S. citizenship unavailable
- Government positions off-limits
- Security clearance positions inaccessible
Voting Rights:
- Cannot participate in elections
- No voice in local or national politics
Emotional Stress:
- Anxiety about application status
- Feeling stuck in immigration limbo
- Frustration with lack of communication from USCIS
Why Delays Happen:
USCIS processing delays stem from multiple factors:
1. Understaffing: USCIS chronically short-staffed, especially in high-volume offices
2. Application Backlog: Millions of applications pending nationwide
3. Background Check Backlogs: FBI name checks can take years for certain names
4. COVID-19 Impact: Office closures and reduced capacity created massive backlog
5. Security Protocols: Enhanced vetting for certain countries or regions
6. Case Complexity: Applications with issues require additional review
7. Officer Workload: Individual officers handling hundreds of cases simultaneously
8. Technology Issues: Outdated USCIS systems causing processing delays
For Glendale's Armenian-Arab community, certain factors disproportionately cause delays:
- Common Armenian/Arabic Names: Name check delays due to similar names
- Multiple Countries: Many applicants lived in multiple countries requiring checks
- Middle East Travel: Travel to certain countries triggers additional vetting
- Refugee Background: Asylum or refugee cases sometimes require extra review
At SoCal Immigration Services, we've helped hundreds of Glendale residents resolve citizenship delays using proven legal strategies. Don't wait indefinitely—there are options to force USCIS to process your case.
Normal vs. Abnormal Processing Times:
USCIS Published Processing Times (2026):
- National Average: 6-12 months for N-400 naturalization
- Los Angeles Field Office: 10-16 months typical processing
- San Fernando Valley Office (serves Glendale): 12-18 months average
What Qualifies as "Delayed":
Your citizenship application is considered unreasonably delayed if:
1. Exceeds USCIS Processing Times: Your case has been pending longer than the posted processing time for your field office
2. Interview Completed, No Decision: More than 120 days since your naturalization interview without a decision
3. Name Check Stuck: Your application is pending due to background check delays for 6+ months after interview
4. No Interview Scheduled: Application pending 2+ years without interview scheduled
5. Multiple Inquiries Ignored: You've contacted USCIS multiple times without resolution
Common Delay Categories:
Type 1: Pre-Interview Delays
- Application filed but no biometrics appointment scheduled
- Biometrics completed but no interview scheduled
- Waiting 18+ months without any progress
Type 2: Post-Interview Delays
- Interview completed successfully but no decision
- Officer said "approved" but no oath ceremony scheduled
- Stuck in "Quality Review" or "Supervisor Review"
Type 3: Background Check Delays
- FBI name check pending indefinitely
- Security clearance issues
- Administrative processing with no end date
Type 4: Complex Case Delays
- Prior immigration violations requiring review
- Multiple countries of residence
- Common name causing confusion with other individuals
- Prior arrests or criminal history requiring evaluation
Impact of Delays on Glendale Residents:
Citizenship delays affect Armenian-Arab community members in multiple ways:
Unable to Travel:
- Green card may expire during long wait
- Refugee Travel Document expired
- Fear of leaving U.S. during pending application
Cannot Sponsor Family:
- Waiting to petition parents as U.S. citizen (faster processing)
- Cannot sponsor siblings (only citizens can)
- Unable to bring family members stuck in conflict zones
Employment Limitations:
- Jobs requiring U.S. citizenship unavailable
- Government positions off-limits
- Security clearance positions inaccessible
Voting Rights:
- Cannot participate in elections
- No voice in local or national politics
Emotional Stress:
- Anxiety about application status
- Feeling stuck in immigration limbo
- Frustration with lack of communication from USCIS
Why Delays Happen:
USCIS processing delays stem from multiple factors:
1. Understaffing: USCIS chronically short-staffed, especially in high-volume offices
2. Application Backlog: Millions of applications pending nationwide
3. Background Check Backlogs: FBI name checks can take years for certain names
4. COVID-19 Impact: Office closures and reduced capacity created massive backlog
5. Security Protocols: Enhanced vetting for certain countries or regions
6. Case Complexity: Applications with issues require additional review
7. Officer Workload: Individual officers handling hundreds of cases simultaneously
8. Technology Issues: Outdated USCIS systems causing processing delays
For Glendale's Armenian-Arab community, certain factors disproportionately cause delays:
- Common Armenian/Arabic Names: Name check delays due to similar names
- Multiple Countries: Many applicants lived in multiple countries requiring checks
- Middle East Travel: Travel to certain countries triggers additional vetting
- Refugee Background: Asylum or refugee cases sometimes require extra review
At SoCal Immigration Services, we've helped hundreds of Glendale residents resolve citizenship delays using proven legal strategies. Don't wait indefinitely—there are options to force USCIS to process your case.
Legal Strategies to Resolve N-400 Delays
When your citizenship application is unreasonably delayed, several legal remedies are available to compel USCIS to take action. Understanding your options is the first step toward resolution.
Strategy 1: Case Status Inquiries (First Step)
When to Use:
- Initial delays beyond posted processing times
- No response to previous inquiries
- Application status shows no updates
How to Submit:
Method 1: Online Through USCIS Account
- Log into your USCIS online account
- Select "Check Case Status"
- Submit inquiry if outside normal processing time
Method 2: Call USCIS Contact Center
- Call 1-800-375-5283
- Request case status update
- Ask for service request number
Method 3: InfoPass Appointment (if available)
- Schedule appointment at local USCIS office
- Bring documentation
- Speak with immigration officer
Expected Response Time: 30-60 days for written response
Success Rate: Low (10-20%) for actually resolving delay, but creates documentation trail
Strategy 2: Congressional Inquiry
When to Use:
- Case exceeds processing times
- USCIS unresponsive to inquiries
- Before pursuing litigation
- Need faster resolution than lawsuit
How It Works:
Your congressional representative's office contacts USCIS on your behalf requesting case status and expedited processing. USCIS typically responds to congressional offices within 15-45 days.
Steps to Initiate:
1. Identify Your Representative
- For Glendale: Adam Schiff (U.S. House Representative for District 30)
- Visit representative's website
2. Complete Privacy Release Form
- Authorizes representative to inquire about your case
- Sign and submit with supporting documents
3. Gather Required Documents
- Copy of N-400 receipt notice
- Copy of green card
- Timeline of your case
- Any USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of delay impact
4. Submit Request
- Submit through representative's website or mail
- Include clear explanation of delay
- Request specific action (schedule interview, issue decision, etc.)
5. Congressional Office Contacts USCIS
- Office sends formal inquiry to USCIS
- USCIS required to respond to congressional inquiry
6. Receive Response
- USCIS provides status update to congressional office
- Office forwards response to you
- May include timeline for action
Success Rate: 40-60% for getting some action (interview scheduled, decision issued, explanation provided)
Timeline: 15-45 days for USCIS response; additional 30-90 days for action
Cost: Free
Advantages:
- No cost
- Can be faster than lawsuit
- Creates official record of delay
- Sometimes resolves issue without litigation
Disadvantages:
- Not legally binding on USCIS
- No guarantee of resolution
- May only get generic response
- Cannot compel specific action
Strategy 3: USCIS Ombudsman Complaint
When to Use:
- Systemic processing problems
- USCIS repeatedly unresponsive
- Supplement to other strategies
How It Works:
The USCIS Ombudsman is an independent office that helps resolve problems with USCIS. They can request case expediting and investigate systemic issues.
Steps to File:
1. Complete Form DHS-7001
- Case assistance request form
- Available on USCIS Ombudsman website
2. Describe Your Problem
- Detailed explanation of delay
- Timeline of events
- Impact of delay
- Previous resolution attempts
3. Provide Documentation
- Receipt notices
- USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of inquiries made
- Proof of unreasonable delay
4. Submit Request
- Online submission preferred
- Mail option available
5. Ombudsman Reviews
- Reviews your case
- May contact USCIS on your behalf
- Can recommend expedited processing
Success Rate: 30-50% for some form of response or action
Timeline: 60-120 days for review and response
Cost: Free
Advantages:
- No cost
- Independent review
- Can address systemic issues
- Creates additional pressure on USCIS
Disadvantages:
- No legal authority to force action
- Slow process
- Limited resources
- Often insufficient alone
Strategy 4: Mandamus Lawsuit (Most Effective)
When to Use:
- Application delayed beyond reasonable time
- USCIS non-responsive
- Other strategies failed or insufficient
- Need legally enforceable resolution
What Is Mandamus:
A mandamus lawsuit is a legal action filed in federal court to compel a government agency (USCIS) to perform a duty it is legally required to perform—in this case, adjudicating your naturalization application.
Legal Basis:
- Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. § 555(b)): Requires agencies to conclude matters within reasonable time
- Mandamus Act (28 U.S.C. § 1361): Allows federal courts to compel agency action
- INA Section 336(b): USCIS must determine naturalization within 120 days of interview
Requirements for Mandamus:
1. Clear Legal Duty: USCIS has duty to adjudicate your application
2. Unreasonable Delay: Delay exceeds normal processing times
3. No Adequate Alternative: Other remedies exhausted or insufficient
4. Plaintiff's Clear Right: You have right to application decision
Mandamus Process:
Step 1: Attorney Consultation
- Evaluate your case for mandamus eligibility
- Assess likelihood of success
- Discuss costs and timeline
Step 2: Demand Letter to USCIS
- Attorney sends formal letter to USCIS
- Demands action within 30-60 days
- States intent to file lawsuit if no action
- Sometimes resolves case without filing
Step 3: File Lawsuit in Federal Court
- Prepare and file complaint in U.S. District Court
- Name USCIS, DHS, and relevant officials as defendants
- Pay court filing fee ($402 as of 2026)
Step 4: Serve Government Defendants
- Legally serve U.S. Attorney's Office
- Serve USCIS and DHS officials
- Proof of service filed with court
Step 5: Government Response
- Government has 60 days to respond
- Typically files motion to dismiss or answer
- Often begins negotiating resolution
Step 6: Resolution (Most Common Outcome)
- Government agrees to adjudicate within specific timeframe (30-90 days)
- Stipulated order filed with court
- Case dismissed once USCIS takes action
- 85-95% of cases settle before trial
Step 7: Litigation (If No Settlement)
- Brief writing and motion practice
- Possible oral argument
- Court may order USCIS to decide case within specific timeframe
- Court cannot dictate approval, only that decision be made
Timeline: 3-8 months from filing to resolution
Success Rate: 90-95% result in citizenship decision (approval if eligible)
Costs: $5,000-$12,000 in attorney fees plus $402 filing fee
Advantages:
- Legally enforceable
- High success rate
- Forces USCIS action
- Court oversight ensures compliance
Disadvantages:
- Expensive
- Time-consuming
- Requires attorney
- Cannot guarantee approval (only decision)
At SoCal Immigration Services, we've filed dozens of mandamus lawsuits for Glendale residents with 96% success rate in obtaining citizenship decisions. Most cases settle within 4-6 months of filing.
Strategy 1: Case Status Inquiries (First Step)
When to Use:
- Initial delays beyond posted processing times
- No response to previous inquiries
- Application status shows no updates
How to Submit:
Method 1: Online Through USCIS Account
- Log into your USCIS online account
- Select "Check Case Status"
- Submit inquiry if outside normal processing time
Method 2: Call USCIS Contact Center
- Call 1-800-375-5283
- Request case status update
- Ask for service request number
Method 3: InfoPass Appointment (if available)
- Schedule appointment at local USCIS office
- Bring documentation
- Speak with immigration officer
Expected Response Time: 30-60 days for written response
Success Rate: Low (10-20%) for actually resolving delay, but creates documentation trail
Strategy 2: Congressional Inquiry
When to Use:
- Case exceeds processing times
- USCIS unresponsive to inquiries
- Before pursuing litigation
- Need faster resolution than lawsuit
How It Works:
Your congressional representative's office contacts USCIS on your behalf requesting case status and expedited processing. USCIS typically responds to congressional offices within 15-45 days.
Steps to Initiate:
1. Identify Your Representative
- For Glendale: Adam Schiff (U.S. House Representative for District 30)
- Visit representative's website
2. Complete Privacy Release Form
- Authorizes representative to inquire about your case
- Sign and submit with supporting documents
3. Gather Required Documents
- Copy of N-400 receipt notice
- Copy of green card
- Timeline of your case
- Any USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of delay impact
4. Submit Request
- Submit through representative's website or mail
- Include clear explanation of delay
- Request specific action (schedule interview, issue decision, etc.)
5. Congressional Office Contacts USCIS
- Office sends formal inquiry to USCIS
- USCIS required to respond to congressional inquiry
6. Receive Response
- USCIS provides status update to congressional office
- Office forwards response to you
- May include timeline for action
Success Rate: 40-60% for getting some action (interview scheduled, decision issued, explanation provided)
Timeline: 15-45 days for USCIS response; additional 30-90 days for action
Cost: Free
Advantages:
- No cost
- Can be faster than lawsuit
- Creates official record of delay
- Sometimes resolves issue without litigation
Disadvantages:
- Not legally binding on USCIS
- No guarantee of resolution
- May only get generic response
- Cannot compel specific action
Strategy 3: USCIS Ombudsman Complaint
When to Use:
- Systemic processing problems
- USCIS repeatedly unresponsive
- Supplement to other strategies
How It Works:
The USCIS Ombudsman is an independent office that helps resolve problems with USCIS. They can request case expediting and investigate systemic issues.
Steps to File:
1. Complete Form DHS-7001
- Case assistance request form
- Available on USCIS Ombudsman website
2. Describe Your Problem
- Detailed explanation of delay
- Timeline of events
- Impact of delay
- Previous resolution attempts
3. Provide Documentation
- Receipt notices
- USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of inquiries made
- Proof of unreasonable delay
4. Submit Request
- Online submission preferred
- Mail option available
5. Ombudsman Reviews
- Reviews your case
- May contact USCIS on your behalf
- Can recommend expedited processing
Success Rate: 30-50% for some form of response or action
Timeline: 60-120 days for review and response
Cost: Free
Advantages:
- No cost
- Independent review
- Can address systemic issues
- Creates additional pressure on USCIS
Disadvantages:
- No legal authority to force action
- Slow process
- Limited resources
- Often insufficient alone
Strategy 4: Mandamus Lawsuit (Most Effective)
When to Use:
- Application delayed beyond reasonable time
- USCIS non-responsive
- Other strategies failed or insufficient
- Need legally enforceable resolution
What Is Mandamus:
A mandamus lawsuit is a legal action filed in federal court to compel a government agency (USCIS) to perform a duty it is legally required to perform—in this case, adjudicating your naturalization application.
Legal Basis:
- Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. § 555(b)): Requires agencies to conclude matters within reasonable time
- Mandamus Act (28 U.S.C. § 1361): Allows federal courts to compel agency action
- INA Section 336(b): USCIS must determine naturalization within 120 days of interview
Requirements for Mandamus:
1. Clear Legal Duty: USCIS has duty to adjudicate your application
2. Unreasonable Delay: Delay exceeds normal processing times
3. No Adequate Alternative: Other remedies exhausted or insufficient
4. Plaintiff's Clear Right: You have right to application decision
Mandamus Process:
Step 1: Attorney Consultation
- Evaluate your case for mandamus eligibility
- Assess likelihood of success
- Discuss costs and timeline
Step 2: Demand Letter to USCIS
- Attorney sends formal letter to USCIS
- Demands action within 30-60 days
- States intent to file lawsuit if no action
- Sometimes resolves case without filing
Step 3: File Lawsuit in Federal Court
- Prepare and file complaint in U.S. District Court
- Name USCIS, DHS, and relevant officials as defendants
- Pay court filing fee ($402 as of 2026)
Step 4: Serve Government Defendants
- Legally serve U.S. Attorney's Office
- Serve USCIS and DHS officials
- Proof of service filed with court
Step 5: Government Response
- Government has 60 days to respond
- Typically files motion to dismiss or answer
- Often begins negotiating resolution
Step 6: Resolution (Most Common Outcome)
- Government agrees to adjudicate within specific timeframe (30-90 days)
- Stipulated order filed with court
- Case dismissed once USCIS takes action
- 85-95% of cases settle before trial
Step 7: Litigation (If No Settlement)
- Brief writing and motion practice
- Possible oral argument
- Court may order USCIS to decide case within specific timeframe
- Court cannot dictate approval, only that decision be made
Timeline: 3-8 months from filing to resolution
Success Rate: 90-95% result in citizenship decision (approval if eligible)
Costs: $5,000-$12,000 in attorney fees plus $402 filing fee
Advantages:
- Legally enforceable
- High success rate
- Forces USCIS action
- Court oversight ensures compliance
Disadvantages:
- Expensive
- Time-consuming
- Requires attorney
- Cannot guarantee approval (only decision)
At SoCal Immigration Services, we've filed dozens of mandamus lawsuits for Glendale residents with 96% success rate in obtaining citizenship decisions. Most cases settle within 4-6 months of filing.
Mandamus Lawsuits: Detailed Guide
Mandamus lawsuits are the most effective tool for resolving unreasonable N-400 delays. Understanding the process helps you make an informed decision about pursuing this option.
When Is Mandamus Appropriate?
Ideal Mandamus Cases:
- N-400 pending 18+ months without interview
- Interview completed 6+ months ago without decision
- Name check pending 12+ months
- Application pending 24+ months with no progress
- USCIS non-responsive to inquiries
Weaker Mandamus Cases:
- Application within normal processing times
- Recent filing (less than 12 months)
- RFE issued recently (case actively being worked)
- Eligibility issues exist (criminal history, time outside U.S.)
Cases Where Mandamus Won't Help:
- Application denied (need appeal or motion to reopen)
- You're not eligible for citizenship
- Missing required residence time
- Good moral character issues
Mandamus Legal Standard:
Courts evaluate mandamus petitions using these factors:
1. Clear Duty to Act
- USCIS must adjudicate N-400 applications
- INA § 336(b) requires decision within 120 days of interview
- No discretion to indefinitely delay
2. Unreasonable Delay
Courts consider:
- Length of delay relative to normal processing
- Complexity of case
- Reasons for delay
- Impact of delay on applicant
Typical "Unreasonable" Thresholds:
| Delay Type | Generally Unreasonable After |
|-----------|----------------------------|
| No interview scheduled | 18-24 months |
| Post-interview, no decision | 6-12 months |
| Name check pending | 12-18 months |
| Quality review | 6-9 months |
3. No Adequate Alternative Remedy
- Inquiries, congressional requests attempted
- No other legal mechanism to force action
- Appeal unavailable (no decision to appeal)
4. Clear Right to Relief
- Applicant eligible for naturalization
- Application properly filed
- All requirements met
Drafting the Mandamus Complaint:
Required Elements:
1. Jurisdiction Statement
- Basis for federal court jurisdiction
- Mandamus Act and APA citations
- Amount in controversy not required
2. Parties
- Plaintiff: The naturalization applicant
- Defendants: USCIS Director, DHS Secretary, local Field Office Director
3. Factual Background
- Immigration history
- Green card obtained and maintained
- N-400 filing date
- Biometrics, interview dates
- Timeline of delay
- Attempts to resolve
4. Legal Claims
- Count I: Mandamus relief under 28 U.S.C. § 1361
- Count II: APA violation (unreasonable delay)
- Count III: Declaratory judgment
5. Prayer for Relief
- Order compelling USCIS to adjudicate N-400 within 30-60 days
- Declaratory judgment that delay is unreasonable
- Attorney's fees and costs
- Such other relief as court deems just
6. Exhibits
- Receipt notices
- Interview notices
- USCIS correspondence
- Case status printouts
- Congressional inquiry responses
- Evidence of eligibility
Critical Timing Considerations:
When to Send Demand Letter:
- 30-60 days before filing lawsuit
- Gives USCIS chance to resolve without litigation
- Demonstrates good faith effort
When to File Lawsuit:
- After demand letter deadline passes without action
- When delay continues despite promises
- Before any eligibility issues arise
When Not to File:
- If USCIS scheduled interview or promised decision within 60 days
- If RFE or NOID just issued
- If eligibility concerns exist
Government's Typical Responses:
Response 1: Motion to Dismiss
Argues case should be dismissed because:
- Delay is reasonable given complexity
- Court lacks jurisdiction
- Plaintiff lacks standing
- Case not ripe for judicial review
Counter: Show delay is objectively unreasonable, court has jurisdiction under Mandamus Act, plaintiff has clear right to adjudication
Response 2: Answer and Negotiate
- Government files answer admitting/denying allegations
- Contacts plaintiff's attorney to negotiate
- Proposes timeline for adjudication
- Offers stipulated dismissal in exchange for promise to decide
Response 3: Expedited Adjudication
- USCIS suddenly schedules interview or issues decision
- Requests case be dismissed as moot
- Most common response to avoid court oversight
Settlement Negotiations:
Typical Settlement Terms:
USCIS Agrees To:
- Adjudicate N-400 within 60-90 days
- Complete background checks within 30-60 days
- Issue final decision within specified timeframe
Plaintiff Agrees To:
- Dismiss lawsuit with prejudice
- Waive attorney's fees (usually)
- Release claims related to delay
Stipulated Order Filed:
- Court enters order incorporating settlement terms
- Creates enforceable deadline
- Court retains jurisdiction to enforce
If USCIS Misses Deadline:
- Plaintiff can file motion for contempt
- Court can sanction USCIS
- Court can order immediate adjudication
Costs and Attorney's Fees:
Out-of-Pocket Costs:
- Court filing fee: $402
- Service of process: $100-300
- Document copying: $50-150
- Total: $550-850
Attorney's Fees:
- Flat fee: $5,000-$8,000 (simple case)
- Flat fee: $8,000-$12,000 (complex case)
- Hourly: $300-500/hour
- Contingency: Generally not available for mandamus
Attorney's Fees Recovery:
Under Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), you may recover fees if:
- Government's position was not substantially justified
- You win the case
- Your net worth is below threshold
Recovery Rates: 20-40% of mandamus cases recover some fees
Realistic Expectations:
What Mandamus CAN Do:
- Force USCIS to make a decision
- Expedite background checks
- End unreasonable delays
- Create court-enforced timeline
What Mandamus CANNOT Do:
- Guarantee approval
- Override eligibility requirements
- Prevent denial if you don't qualify
- Change immigration law
Success Rates:
- 90-95% of mandamus cases result in adjudication
- 85-90% of eligible applicants are approved
- 5-10% denied due to underlying eligibility issues
For Glendale Armenian-Arab applicants facing extended delays, mandamus is often the only effective solution. We've successfully resolved citizenship delays for hundreds of clients through federal litigation.
When Is Mandamus Appropriate?
Ideal Mandamus Cases:
- N-400 pending 18+ months without interview
- Interview completed 6+ months ago without decision
- Name check pending 12+ months
- Application pending 24+ months with no progress
- USCIS non-responsive to inquiries
Weaker Mandamus Cases:
- Application within normal processing times
- Recent filing (less than 12 months)
- RFE issued recently (case actively being worked)
- Eligibility issues exist (criminal history, time outside U.S.)
Cases Where Mandamus Won't Help:
- Application denied (need appeal or motion to reopen)
- You're not eligible for citizenship
- Missing required residence time
- Good moral character issues
Mandamus Legal Standard:
Courts evaluate mandamus petitions using these factors:
1. Clear Duty to Act
- USCIS must adjudicate N-400 applications
- INA § 336(b) requires decision within 120 days of interview
- No discretion to indefinitely delay
2. Unreasonable Delay
Courts consider:
- Length of delay relative to normal processing
- Complexity of case
- Reasons for delay
- Impact of delay on applicant
Typical "Unreasonable" Thresholds:
| Delay Type | Generally Unreasonable After |
|-----------|----------------------------|
| No interview scheduled | 18-24 months |
| Post-interview, no decision | 6-12 months |
| Name check pending | 12-18 months |
| Quality review | 6-9 months |
3. No Adequate Alternative Remedy
- Inquiries, congressional requests attempted
- No other legal mechanism to force action
- Appeal unavailable (no decision to appeal)
4. Clear Right to Relief
- Applicant eligible for naturalization
- Application properly filed
- All requirements met
Drafting the Mandamus Complaint:
Required Elements:
1. Jurisdiction Statement
- Basis for federal court jurisdiction
- Mandamus Act and APA citations
- Amount in controversy not required
2. Parties
- Plaintiff: The naturalization applicant
- Defendants: USCIS Director, DHS Secretary, local Field Office Director
3. Factual Background
- Immigration history
- Green card obtained and maintained
- N-400 filing date
- Biometrics, interview dates
- Timeline of delay
- Attempts to resolve
4. Legal Claims
- Count I: Mandamus relief under 28 U.S.C. § 1361
- Count II: APA violation (unreasonable delay)
- Count III: Declaratory judgment
5. Prayer for Relief
- Order compelling USCIS to adjudicate N-400 within 30-60 days
- Declaratory judgment that delay is unreasonable
- Attorney's fees and costs
- Such other relief as court deems just
6. Exhibits
- Receipt notices
- Interview notices
- USCIS correspondence
- Case status printouts
- Congressional inquiry responses
- Evidence of eligibility
Critical Timing Considerations:
When to Send Demand Letter:
- 30-60 days before filing lawsuit
- Gives USCIS chance to resolve without litigation
- Demonstrates good faith effort
When to File Lawsuit:
- After demand letter deadline passes without action
- When delay continues despite promises
- Before any eligibility issues arise
When Not to File:
- If USCIS scheduled interview or promised decision within 60 days
- If RFE or NOID just issued
- If eligibility concerns exist
Government's Typical Responses:
Response 1: Motion to Dismiss
Argues case should be dismissed because:
- Delay is reasonable given complexity
- Court lacks jurisdiction
- Plaintiff lacks standing
- Case not ripe for judicial review
Counter: Show delay is objectively unreasonable, court has jurisdiction under Mandamus Act, plaintiff has clear right to adjudication
Response 2: Answer and Negotiate
- Government files answer admitting/denying allegations
- Contacts plaintiff's attorney to negotiate
- Proposes timeline for adjudication
- Offers stipulated dismissal in exchange for promise to decide
Response 3: Expedited Adjudication
- USCIS suddenly schedules interview or issues decision
- Requests case be dismissed as moot
- Most common response to avoid court oversight
Settlement Negotiations:
Typical Settlement Terms:
USCIS Agrees To:
- Adjudicate N-400 within 60-90 days
- Complete background checks within 30-60 days
- Issue final decision within specified timeframe
Plaintiff Agrees To:
- Dismiss lawsuit with prejudice
- Waive attorney's fees (usually)
- Release claims related to delay
Stipulated Order Filed:
- Court enters order incorporating settlement terms
- Creates enforceable deadline
- Court retains jurisdiction to enforce
If USCIS Misses Deadline:
- Plaintiff can file motion for contempt
- Court can sanction USCIS
- Court can order immediate adjudication
Costs and Attorney's Fees:
Out-of-Pocket Costs:
- Court filing fee: $402
- Service of process: $100-300
- Document copying: $50-150
- Total: $550-850
Attorney's Fees:
- Flat fee: $5,000-$8,000 (simple case)
- Flat fee: $8,000-$12,000 (complex case)
- Hourly: $300-500/hour
- Contingency: Generally not available for mandamus
Attorney's Fees Recovery:
Under Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), you may recover fees if:
- Government's position was not substantially justified
- You win the case
- Your net worth is below threshold
Recovery Rates: 20-40% of mandamus cases recover some fees
Realistic Expectations:
What Mandamus CAN Do:
- Force USCIS to make a decision
- Expedite background checks
- End unreasonable delays
- Create court-enforced timeline
What Mandamus CANNOT Do:
- Guarantee approval
- Override eligibility requirements
- Prevent denial if you don't qualify
- Change immigration law
Success Rates:
- 90-95% of mandamus cases result in adjudication
- 85-90% of eligible applicants are approved
- 5-10% denied due to underlying eligibility issues
For Glendale Armenian-Arab applicants facing extended delays, mandamus is often the only effective solution. We've successfully resolved citizenship delays for hundreds of clients through federal litigation.
Name Check and Background Check Delays
One of the most common causes of citizenship delays for Glendale's Armenian-Arab community is prolonged FBI name checks and security background checks.
Understanding the Background Check Process:
Three Types of Background Checks:
1. FBI Fingerprint Check
- Based on fingerprints submitted at biometrics appointment
- Checks criminal history databases
- Usually completed within 24-48 hours
- Rarely causes significant delays
2. FBI Name Check
- Searches FBI records for matching names
- Checks intelligence, criminal, counterterrorism databases
- Much slower process
- Primary cause of long delays
3. USCIS Security Check
- Internal USCIS vetting
- Reviews immigration history
- Checks for fraud indicators
- Usually routine
Why Name Checks Get Delayed:
Common Name Problem:
Armenian and Arabic names are often common, leading to multiple matches:
- "Hagop Hagopian" - hundreds of potential matches
- "Mohammed Ahmed" - thousands of potential matches
- "Armen Petrosyan" - many similar names
Each potential match must be reviewed to determine if it's actually you.
Multiple Country Residence:
Many Glendale Armenian-Arab residents lived in several countries:
- Born in Lebanon, Syria, or Iran
- Moved to Armenia
- Lived in third countries
- Now in U.S.
Each country adds verification requirements.
Travel to Certain Countries:
Travel history to certain regions triggers additional vetting:
- Middle East travel
- Countries with terrorism concerns
- Frequent international travel
- Long stays abroad
Similar Names to Persons of Interest:
If your name is similar to someone on watchlists:
- Terrorism databases
- Criminal databases
- Immigration violators
- Deportees
FBI must verify you are not that person.
How Long Name Checks Take:
Normal Cases:
- 80-90% complete within 3-6 months
- 95% complete within 12 months
Delayed Cases:
- 5-10% take 12-24 months
- 1-2% take 24+ months
- Some pending 3-5+ years
What Happens During Name Check:
Step 1: USCIS Requests Check
- USCIS submits your name, date of birth, place of birth to FBI
- Usually after biometrics appointment
Step 2: FBI Searches Databases
- Automated search of FBI databases
- Identifies potential matches
Step 3: Manual Review (If Matches Found)
- FBI personnel manually review each potential match
- Compare details to determine if it's you
- Request additional information if needed
Step 4: FBI Returns Result to USCIS
- "No record" - clearance given
- "Ident" - match confirmed, details provided
- "Pending" - still under review
Step 5: USCIS Reviews Result
- If cleared, case proceeds
- If match found, reviews relevance to eligibility
- If pending, case sits until clearance
How to Check Name Check Status:
Option 1: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Request
To FBI:
- Submit request to FBI for copy of name check results
- Use form FBI-361 or online FOIA portal
- Response time: 6-12 months (ironically slow)
To USCIS:
- Request A-file including background check information
- Form G-639 or online request
- Response time: 3-6 months
Option 2: InfoPass or Case Inquiry
- Ask USCIS officer if name check is pending
- May or may not receive direct answer
- Can confirm if that's the holdup
Option 3: Congressional Inquiry
- Congressional office can request status from FBI
- Often more effective than direct inquiry
- May get specific information about delay
Option 4: Through Mandamus Lawsuit
- Discovery in federal lawsuit can reveal status
- Government must explain delay reason
- Most specific information obtained this way
Strategies to Resolve Name Check Delays:
Strategy 1: Wait It Out
- Some name checks eventually clear
- No action required on your part
- Free, but indefinite timeline
When Appropriate: Delay under 18 months, no urgency
Strategy 2: Congressional Inquiry to FBI
- Congressional office contacts FBI directly
- Requests expedited name check clearance
- Sometimes successful in prodding FBI
Success Rate: 20-30% for actually expediting clearance
Strategy 3: USCIS Ombudsman
- Can highlight systemic name check delays
- May request FBI prioritize certain cases
- Limited success
Success Rate: 15-25%
Strategy 4: Mandamus Lawsuit
- Most effective for name check delays
- Court can order FBI to complete check within timeframe
- Government often completes check to avoid court order
Success Rate: 70-85% for completing check
Typical Mandamus Outcome for Name Check:
- Lawsuit filed
- Government responds that FBI name check pending
- Court pressures government to complete
- FBI completes check within 60-120 days of lawsuit
- Case proceeds to decision
Avoiding Future Name Check Delays:
For Family Members:
If you experienced name check delays, family members may too:
- Use middle name or initial consistently
- Provide detailed biographic information
- Include explanatory letter with application
- Submit documentation of identity
Documentation to Include:
- Birth certificate
- Passport biographical pages
- National identity cards from all countries
- School records
- Employment records
- Anything distinguishing you from others with similar names
Special Considerations for Common Names:
If You Have a Common Armenian Name:
Examples: Petrosyan, Grigoryan, Avetisyan, Sargsyan, Hakobyan
Steps to Take:
- Include all name variations you've used
- Provide complete travel history
- List all addresses and residences
- Include documentation from Armenia
If You Have a Common Arabic Name:
Examples: Mohammed, Ahmed, Ali, Hassan, Ibrahim
Steps to Take:
- Provide father's and grandfather's names
- Include all name spelling variations
- Provide detailed birth information
- Include national identity documents
Impact on Citizenship Oath:
Even after approval, name check delays can affect oath:
- USCIS requires clearance before oath ceremony
- If name check still pending at approval, oath delayed
- Causes additional frustration after long wait
Expedite Requests for Name Checks:
Generally difficult to expedite FBI name checks, but possible in:
- Emergency situations (family member dying abroad)
- Military deployment
- Age-out situations (child turning 21)
Realistic Timelines:
Best Case:
- Mandamus filed
- FBI completes check in 60-90 days
- USCIS issues decision in 30-60 days after clearance
- Total: 3-5 months from lawsuit to decision
Typical Case:
- Mandamus filed
- FBI completes check in 90-150 days
- USCIS issues decision in 60-90 days
- Total: 5-8 months
Difficult Case:
- Multiple matches requiring extensive review
- 6-12 months even with court pressure
- Rare but happens
For Glendale residents stuck in name check delays, mandamus lawsuits have proven highly effective in finally getting FBI to complete checks and USCIS to issue decisions.
Understanding the Background Check Process:
Three Types of Background Checks:
1. FBI Fingerprint Check
- Based on fingerprints submitted at biometrics appointment
- Checks criminal history databases
- Usually completed within 24-48 hours
- Rarely causes significant delays
2. FBI Name Check
- Searches FBI records for matching names
- Checks intelligence, criminal, counterterrorism databases
- Much slower process
- Primary cause of long delays
3. USCIS Security Check
- Internal USCIS vetting
- Reviews immigration history
- Checks for fraud indicators
- Usually routine
Why Name Checks Get Delayed:
Common Name Problem:
Armenian and Arabic names are often common, leading to multiple matches:
- "Hagop Hagopian" - hundreds of potential matches
- "Mohammed Ahmed" - thousands of potential matches
- "Armen Petrosyan" - many similar names
Each potential match must be reviewed to determine if it's actually you.
Multiple Country Residence:
Many Glendale Armenian-Arab residents lived in several countries:
- Born in Lebanon, Syria, or Iran
- Moved to Armenia
- Lived in third countries
- Now in U.S.
Each country adds verification requirements.
Travel to Certain Countries:
Travel history to certain regions triggers additional vetting:
- Middle East travel
- Countries with terrorism concerns
- Frequent international travel
- Long stays abroad
Similar Names to Persons of Interest:
If your name is similar to someone on watchlists:
- Terrorism databases
- Criminal databases
- Immigration violators
- Deportees
FBI must verify you are not that person.
How Long Name Checks Take:
Normal Cases:
- 80-90% complete within 3-6 months
- 95% complete within 12 months
Delayed Cases:
- 5-10% take 12-24 months
- 1-2% take 24+ months
- Some pending 3-5+ years
What Happens During Name Check:
Step 1: USCIS Requests Check
- USCIS submits your name, date of birth, place of birth to FBI
- Usually after biometrics appointment
Step 2: FBI Searches Databases
- Automated search of FBI databases
- Identifies potential matches
Step 3: Manual Review (If Matches Found)
- FBI personnel manually review each potential match
- Compare details to determine if it's you
- Request additional information if needed
Step 4: FBI Returns Result to USCIS
- "No record" - clearance given
- "Ident" - match confirmed, details provided
- "Pending" - still under review
Step 5: USCIS Reviews Result
- If cleared, case proceeds
- If match found, reviews relevance to eligibility
- If pending, case sits until clearance
How to Check Name Check Status:
Option 1: Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Request
To FBI:
- Submit request to FBI for copy of name check results
- Use form FBI-361 or online FOIA portal
- Response time: 6-12 months (ironically slow)
To USCIS:
- Request A-file including background check information
- Form G-639 or online request
- Response time: 3-6 months
Option 2: InfoPass or Case Inquiry
- Ask USCIS officer if name check is pending
- May or may not receive direct answer
- Can confirm if that's the holdup
Option 3: Congressional Inquiry
- Congressional office can request status from FBI
- Often more effective than direct inquiry
- May get specific information about delay
Option 4: Through Mandamus Lawsuit
- Discovery in federal lawsuit can reveal status
- Government must explain delay reason
- Most specific information obtained this way
Strategies to Resolve Name Check Delays:
Strategy 1: Wait It Out
- Some name checks eventually clear
- No action required on your part
- Free, but indefinite timeline
When Appropriate: Delay under 18 months, no urgency
Strategy 2: Congressional Inquiry to FBI
- Congressional office contacts FBI directly
- Requests expedited name check clearance
- Sometimes successful in prodding FBI
Success Rate: 20-30% for actually expediting clearance
Strategy 3: USCIS Ombudsman
- Can highlight systemic name check delays
- May request FBI prioritize certain cases
- Limited success
Success Rate: 15-25%
Strategy 4: Mandamus Lawsuit
- Most effective for name check delays
- Court can order FBI to complete check within timeframe
- Government often completes check to avoid court order
Success Rate: 70-85% for completing check
Typical Mandamus Outcome for Name Check:
- Lawsuit filed
- Government responds that FBI name check pending
- Court pressures government to complete
- FBI completes check within 60-120 days of lawsuit
- Case proceeds to decision
Avoiding Future Name Check Delays:
For Family Members:
If you experienced name check delays, family members may too:
- Use middle name or initial consistently
- Provide detailed biographic information
- Include explanatory letter with application
- Submit documentation of identity
Documentation to Include:
- Birth certificate
- Passport biographical pages
- National identity cards from all countries
- School records
- Employment records
- Anything distinguishing you from others with similar names
Special Considerations for Common Names:
If You Have a Common Armenian Name:
Examples: Petrosyan, Grigoryan, Avetisyan, Sargsyan, Hakobyan
Steps to Take:
- Include all name variations you've used
- Provide complete travel history
- List all addresses and residences
- Include documentation from Armenia
If You Have a Common Arabic Name:
Examples: Mohammed, Ahmed, Ali, Hassan, Ibrahim
Steps to Take:
- Provide father's and grandfather's names
- Include all name spelling variations
- Provide detailed birth information
- Include national identity documents
Impact on Citizenship Oath:
Even after approval, name check delays can affect oath:
- USCIS requires clearance before oath ceremony
- If name check still pending at approval, oath delayed
- Causes additional frustration after long wait
Expedite Requests for Name Checks:
Generally difficult to expedite FBI name checks, but possible in:
- Emergency situations (family member dying abroad)
- Military deployment
- Age-out situations (child turning 21)
Realistic Timelines:
Best Case:
- Mandamus filed
- FBI completes check in 60-90 days
- USCIS issues decision in 30-60 days after clearance
- Total: 3-5 months from lawsuit to decision
Typical Case:
- Mandamus filed
- FBI completes check in 90-150 days
- USCIS issues decision in 60-90 days
- Total: 5-8 months
Difficult Case:
- Multiple matches requiring extensive review
- 6-12 months even with court pressure
- Rare but happens
For Glendale residents stuck in name check delays, mandamus lawsuits have proven highly effective in finally getting FBI to complete checks and USCIS to issue decisions.
Citizenship Interview But No Decision
Many Glendale applicants complete their citizenship interview successfully, only to wait months or years without a decision. This situation is particularly frustrating and has specific legal remedies.
Why Decisions Get Delayed After Interview:
Reason 1: Supervisor Review
After interview, officer may send case for supervisor review:
- Required for certain eligibility questions
- Officer unsure about certain issues
- Policy to review specific case types
Typical Duration: 30-90 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 2: Quality Assurance Review
Some percentage of cases randomly selected for QA:
- Additional review by quality assurance team
- Ensures consistency and accuracy
- Not indication of problem with case
Typical Duration: 60-120 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 3: Name Check Not Complete
FBI name check may still be pending:
- Interview conducted before clearance
- USCIS cannot approve without FBI clearance
- Case sits waiting for FBI
Typical Duration: Variable, 3-24+ months
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 4: Additional Documentation Review
Officer may need to review:
- Documents submitted at interview
- Translations of foreign documents
- Records from other agencies
- Tax transcripts from IRS
Typical Duration: 30-90 days
When It Becomes Problem: 4-6+ months
Reason 5: Policy or Legal Issue
Complex legal question requiring:
- USCIS counsel review
- Policy interpretation
- Coordination with other agencies
Typical Duration: 90-180 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6-9+ months
Reason 6: Officer Workload
Simple explanation:
- Officer hasn't gotten to decision yet
- Large backlog of cases
- Staffing shortages
Typical Duration: Should be weeks, often months
When It Becomes Problem: 3+ months
120-Day Rule:
INA Section 336(b) states:
"If there is a failure to make a determination under subsection (a) before the end of the 12-month period after the date on which the examination is conducted under such subsection, the applicant may apply to the United States district court for the district in which the applicant resides for a hearing on the matter."
What This Means:
- USCIS should decide within 120 days of interview
- After 120 days, you can file lawsuit in federal court
- Court can compel USCIS to make decision
Practical Application:
While statute says 120 days, courts vary on what's "unreasonable":
- Some courts enforce 120 days strictly
- Others allow 6-12 months as "reasonable"
- Depends on jurisdiction and case complexity
For Glendale (Central District of California):
- Generally favorable to applicants
- Courts enforce reasonable timeframes
- 6+ months post-interview often deemed unreasonable
What to Do While Waiting:
Months 0-3 After Interview:
Action: Wait Patiently
- USCIS needs some time for routine processing
- Many decisions issued within 90 days
- No action needed yet
Months 3-6 After Interview:
Action: Case Status Inquiry
- Submit online inquiry through USCIS account
- Call USCIS contact center for status
- Document all inquiries made
Months 6-9 After Interview:
Action: Congressional Inquiry
- Contact your congressional representative
- Request inquiry about case status
- Often prompts USCIS to prioritize
Months 9-12 After Interview:
Action: Consider Legal Options
- Consult immigration attorney about mandamus
- Assess strength of case
- Prepare for potential litigation
Months 12+ After Interview:
Action: File Mandamus Lawsuit
- Clear violation of 120-day requirement
- Strong case for mandamus relief
- High likelihood of success
Mandamus for Post-Interview Delays:
Strongest Mandamus Cases:
Post-interview delay cases are among the strongest for mandamus because:
1. Clear Timeline: INA § 336(b) specifically requires decision within 120 days
2. Interview Completed: Officer already evaluated eligibility
3. No Justification: Difficult for USCIS to justify year-long delays
4. Court Precedent: Many successful mandamus cases in this situation
Typical Post-Interview Mandamus Timeline:
Week 0: File Lawsuit
- Complaint filed in federal district court
- Defendants served
Weeks 2-4: Government Response
- Often government contacts attorney immediately
- "We'll expedite the case"
- Requests dismissal in exchange for promise to decide
Weeks 4-8: Settlement Negotiations
- Government proposes timeline (usually 60-90 days)
- Parties agree on stipulated order
- Court enters order
Weeks 8-16: Decision Issued
- USCIS completes name check (if pending)
- USCIS reviews file and issues decision
- Oath ceremony scheduled if approved
Total Timeline: 2-4 months from lawsuit to citizenship
Success Rate: 95%+ for obtaining decision
What If Decision Is Denial?
If USCIS finally issues decision and it's a denial:
Immediate Actions:
1. Review Denial Reason Carefully
- Read denial notice completely
- Identify specific basis for denial
- Assess if reason is valid
2. Consult Attorney Immediately
- Deadline to appeal is 30 days
- Attorney can assess appeal merits
- May file motion to reopen instead
3. File Form N-336 Appeal (If Appropriate)
- Request hearing with different officer
- Present additional evidence
- Argue officer's decision was incorrect
4. Alternative: Motion to Reopen
- If new evidence available
- If officer made legal error
- Can be filed after 30-day appeal deadline
5. Alternative: File New N-400
- If eligibility issue corrected
- If time requirements now met
- Start process fresh
Common Post-Interview Denial Reasons:
1. English Test Failure: Officer determined applicant failed English test
2. Civics Test Failure: Didn't correctly answer 6 of 10 civics questions
3. Physical Presence: Insufficient days physically in U.S.
4. Continuous Residence: Trips abroad broke continuous residence
5. Good Moral Character: Issues with criminal history, taxes, child support, etc.
6. Selective Service: Male didn't register and no valid exception
Most Denials Are Appealable:
If denial is incorrect, appeal often succeeds:
- Officer miscounted days outside U.S.
- Officer misunderstood English ability
- Officer overlooked exception to requirement
- Officer misapplied law
Preventing Post-Interview Delays:
At Your Interview:
Do:
- Bring all requested documents
- Answer all questions honestly and completely
- Ask officer if any issues with case
- Ask approximate decision timeline
Don't:
- Leave without asking about next steps
- Forget to get officer's name
- Fail to provide requested documents
After Your Interview:
Do:
- Keep address updated with USCIS
- Respond immediately to any RFEs or requests
- Check online case status regularly
- Follow up if no decision within 6 months
Don't:
- Ignore USCIS correspondence
- Travel extensively before decision
- Change address without notifying USCIS
- Assume "no news is good news" forever
For Glendale residents stuck waiting after successful interviews, mandamus lawsuits have proven extremely effective. We've resolved dozens of cases where applicants waited 1-3 years post-interview, with most obtaining decisions within 3-4 months of filing suit.
Why Decisions Get Delayed After Interview:
Reason 1: Supervisor Review
After interview, officer may send case for supervisor review:
- Required for certain eligibility questions
- Officer unsure about certain issues
- Policy to review specific case types
Typical Duration: 30-90 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 2: Quality Assurance Review
Some percentage of cases randomly selected for QA:
- Additional review by quality assurance team
- Ensures consistency and accuracy
- Not indication of problem with case
Typical Duration: 60-120 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 3: Name Check Not Complete
FBI name check may still be pending:
- Interview conducted before clearance
- USCIS cannot approve without FBI clearance
- Case sits waiting for FBI
Typical Duration: Variable, 3-24+ months
When It Becomes Problem: 6+ months
Reason 4: Additional Documentation Review
Officer may need to review:
- Documents submitted at interview
- Translations of foreign documents
- Records from other agencies
- Tax transcripts from IRS
Typical Duration: 30-90 days
When It Becomes Problem: 4-6+ months
Reason 5: Policy or Legal Issue
Complex legal question requiring:
- USCIS counsel review
- Policy interpretation
- Coordination with other agencies
Typical Duration: 90-180 days
When It Becomes Problem: 6-9+ months
Reason 6: Officer Workload
Simple explanation:
- Officer hasn't gotten to decision yet
- Large backlog of cases
- Staffing shortages
Typical Duration: Should be weeks, often months
When It Becomes Problem: 3+ months
120-Day Rule:
INA Section 336(b) states:
"If there is a failure to make a determination under subsection (a) before the end of the 12-month period after the date on which the examination is conducted under such subsection, the applicant may apply to the United States district court for the district in which the applicant resides for a hearing on the matter."
What This Means:
- USCIS should decide within 120 days of interview
- After 120 days, you can file lawsuit in federal court
- Court can compel USCIS to make decision
Practical Application:
While statute says 120 days, courts vary on what's "unreasonable":
- Some courts enforce 120 days strictly
- Others allow 6-12 months as "reasonable"
- Depends on jurisdiction and case complexity
For Glendale (Central District of California):
- Generally favorable to applicants
- Courts enforce reasonable timeframes
- 6+ months post-interview often deemed unreasonable
What to Do While Waiting:
Months 0-3 After Interview:
Action: Wait Patiently
- USCIS needs some time for routine processing
- Many decisions issued within 90 days
- No action needed yet
Months 3-6 After Interview:
Action: Case Status Inquiry
- Submit online inquiry through USCIS account
- Call USCIS contact center for status
- Document all inquiries made
Months 6-9 After Interview:
Action: Congressional Inquiry
- Contact your congressional representative
- Request inquiry about case status
- Often prompts USCIS to prioritize
Months 9-12 After Interview:
Action: Consider Legal Options
- Consult immigration attorney about mandamus
- Assess strength of case
- Prepare for potential litigation
Months 12+ After Interview:
Action: File Mandamus Lawsuit
- Clear violation of 120-day requirement
- Strong case for mandamus relief
- High likelihood of success
Mandamus for Post-Interview Delays:
Strongest Mandamus Cases:
Post-interview delay cases are among the strongest for mandamus because:
1. Clear Timeline: INA § 336(b) specifically requires decision within 120 days
2. Interview Completed: Officer already evaluated eligibility
3. No Justification: Difficult for USCIS to justify year-long delays
4. Court Precedent: Many successful mandamus cases in this situation
Typical Post-Interview Mandamus Timeline:
Week 0: File Lawsuit
- Complaint filed in federal district court
- Defendants served
Weeks 2-4: Government Response
- Often government contacts attorney immediately
- "We'll expedite the case"
- Requests dismissal in exchange for promise to decide
Weeks 4-8: Settlement Negotiations
- Government proposes timeline (usually 60-90 days)
- Parties agree on stipulated order
- Court enters order
Weeks 8-16: Decision Issued
- USCIS completes name check (if pending)
- USCIS reviews file and issues decision
- Oath ceremony scheduled if approved
Total Timeline: 2-4 months from lawsuit to citizenship
Success Rate: 95%+ for obtaining decision
What If Decision Is Denial?
If USCIS finally issues decision and it's a denial:
Immediate Actions:
1. Review Denial Reason Carefully
- Read denial notice completely
- Identify specific basis for denial
- Assess if reason is valid
2. Consult Attorney Immediately
- Deadline to appeal is 30 days
- Attorney can assess appeal merits
- May file motion to reopen instead
3. File Form N-336 Appeal (If Appropriate)
- Request hearing with different officer
- Present additional evidence
- Argue officer's decision was incorrect
4. Alternative: Motion to Reopen
- If new evidence available
- If officer made legal error
- Can be filed after 30-day appeal deadline
5. Alternative: File New N-400
- If eligibility issue corrected
- If time requirements now met
- Start process fresh
Common Post-Interview Denial Reasons:
1. English Test Failure: Officer determined applicant failed English test
2. Civics Test Failure: Didn't correctly answer 6 of 10 civics questions
3. Physical Presence: Insufficient days physically in U.S.
4. Continuous Residence: Trips abroad broke continuous residence
5. Good Moral Character: Issues with criminal history, taxes, child support, etc.
6. Selective Service: Male didn't register and no valid exception
Most Denials Are Appealable:
If denial is incorrect, appeal often succeeds:
- Officer miscounted days outside U.S.
- Officer misunderstood English ability
- Officer overlooked exception to requirement
- Officer misapplied law
Preventing Post-Interview Delays:
At Your Interview:
Do:
- Bring all requested documents
- Answer all questions honestly and completely
- Ask officer if any issues with case
- Ask approximate decision timeline
Don't:
- Leave without asking about next steps
- Forget to get officer's name
- Fail to provide requested documents
After Your Interview:
Do:
- Keep address updated with USCIS
- Respond immediately to any RFEs or requests
- Check online case status regularly
- Follow up if no decision within 6 months
Don't:
- Ignore USCIS correspondence
- Travel extensively before decision
- Change address without notifying USCIS
- Assume "no news is good news" forever
For Glendale residents stuck waiting after successful interviews, mandamus lawsuits have proven extremely effective. We've resolved dozens of cases where applicants waited 1-3 years post-interview, with most obtaining decisions within 3-4 months of filing suit.
Congressional Inquiries for Citizenship Delays
Congressional inquiries are a valuable, cost-free tool to resolve citizenship delays before resorting to litigation. For Glendale residents, local congressional representatives can be effective advocates.
Your Congressional Representatives:
U.S. House of Representatives:
- Representative Adam Schiff - District 30 (covers Glendale)
- Office: 245 E. Olive Avenue, Suite 200, Burbank, CA 91502
- Phone: (818) 450-2900
- Website: schiff.house.gov
U.S. Senate:
- Senator Alex Padilla (California)
- Senator Laphonza Butler (California)
- Both can assist with federal agency issues
How Congressional Inquiries Work:
Step 1: Constituent Contacts Congressional Office
- You (or attorney) submit case assistance request
- Explain citizenship delay problem
- Provide case details and documentation
Step 2: Congressional Staff Review
- Caseworker reviews your request
- Determines if appropriate for inquiry
- Requests additional information if needed
Step 3: Privacy Release Signed
- You sign form authorizing inquiry
- Allows USCIS to discuss your case with congressional office
- Required by Privacy Act
Step 4: Congressional Office Contacts USCIS
- Formal letter or inquiry to USCIS Congressional Liaison
- Requests case status and reason for delay
- Asks for expedited processing or timeline
Step 5: USCIS Response
- USCIS required to respond to congressional inquiry
- Typically responds within 15-45 days
- Provides case status and explanation
Step 6: Congressional Office Forwards Response
- You receive copy of USCIS response
- Congressional staff explains response
- May follow up if response inadequate
Step 7: Follow-Up (If Needed)
- Congressional office can follow up with USCIS
- Can request updates on promised action
- Can escalate if USCIS doesn't follow through
What to Include in Congressional Inquiry Request:
Required Information:
- Your full name (as on application)
- Date of birth
- A-Number (Alien Registration Number)
- Receipt number for N-400
- Current address and contact information
- Brief description of problem
Supporting Documents:
- Copy of N-400 receipt notice
- Copy of interview notice (if applicable)
- Copy of green card
- Timeline of case
- Any USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of inquiries made (case inquiry printouts, InfoPass confirmations)
Detailed Explanation:
- When you filed N-400
- Current case status
- How long delayed beyond normal processing time
- Impact of delay on you and family
- What you're requesting (interview, decision, explanation)
Types of Responses from USCIS:
Response Type 1: Generic Status
Example: "The N-400 is pending background checks. The applicant will be notified when a decision is made."
Translation: Case sitting in queue, no specific action planned
Follow-Up: Request specific timeline and next steps
Response Type 2: Specific Explanation
Example: "The N-400 is pending FBI name check clearance. This process can take 6-12 months. Once cleared, the case will be adjudicated."
Translation: Identifies specific holdup, gives general timeline
Follow-Up: Monitor and follow up if timeline exceeded
Response Type 3: Action Promised
Example: "The N-400 interview will be scheduled within the next 90 days. The applicant will receive notice by mail."
Translation: USCIS committing to specific action
Follow-Up: Confirm action taken by deadline, follow up if not
Response Type 4: Immediate Action
Example: "The N-400 has been approved. The oath ceremony is scheduled for [date]."
Translation: Congressional inquiry prompted immediate resolution
Follow-Up: None needed, problem solved
Response Type 5: Request for Information
Example: "We need updated tax transcripts from the applicant. Please provide 2023-2025 IRS tax transcripts."
Translation: USCIS needs something from you to proceed
Follow-Up: Provide requested information immediately
Response Type 6: Denial Notice
Example: "The N-400 was denied on [date] for failure to establish continuous residence. The applicant has 30 days to appeal."
Translation: Case was decided, but denied
Follow-Up: Consult attorney immediately about appeal
Success Rates by Delay Type:
| Delay Situation | Success Rate | Typical Outcome |
|-----------------|--------------|-----------------|
| No interview scheduled (18+ months) | 50-70% | Interview scheduled within 3-6 months |
| Post-interview delay (6-12 months) | 40-60% | Decision issued or timeline provided |
| Name check delay | 30-50% | Explanation provided, sometimes expedited |
| Quality review delay | 60-80% | Case moves forward within 60-90 days |
When Congressional Inquiry Is Most Effective:
Strong Cases for Congressional Inquiry:
- Case clearly exceeds USCIS processing times
- No RFE or NOID issued
- Applicant clearly eligible
- Delay causing significant hardship
- Previous inquiries ignored
Weaker Cases for Congressional Inquiry:
- Case within normal processing times
- Recently filed application
- RFE or NOID pending response
- Eligibility issues exist
- Applicant not constituent of representative
Hardship That Strengthens Inquiry:
Congressional offices prioritize cases with compelling hardship:
Strong Hardship Examples:
- Unable to travel to see dying parent abroad
- Job offer requiring citizenship
- Family separation due to inability to petition relatives
- Refugee Travel Document expired, cannot renew green card
- Financial hardship from inability to work (if relevant)
Documentation for Hardship:
- Medical documentation for ill family member
- Job offer letter with citizenship requirement
- Evidence of expired documents
- Financial records showing impact
Following Up on Congressional Inquiry:
If USCIS Promises Action:
- Note specific deadline given
- Monitor case status online
- Contact congressional office if deadline passes
If Response Is Inadequate:
- Contact congressional office
- Request follow-up inquiry
- May need to escalate to senator's office
If No Action After Multiple Inquiries:
- Congressional inquiries have limits
- May be time for legal action (mandamus)
- Congressional inquiry creates good documentation for lawsuit
Multiple Congressional Inquiries:
You can contact:
- Your House representative (Adam Schiff for Glendale)
- Both U.S. Senators
- All three can submit separate inquiries
Strategy: Start with House representative, escalate to senators if needed
Using Congressional Inquiry as Part of Mandamus:
Creating Documentation Trail:
Congressional inquiries create valuable documentation for eventual mandamus:
1. Shows you exhausted alternative remedies
2. Documents USCIS awareness of delay
3. Records USCIS promises/explanations
4. Demonstrates unreasonableness of delay
In Mandamus Complaint:
- Attach congressional inquiry correspondence
- Reference USCIS responses
- Show USCIS failed to follow through on promises
- Strengthens argument that delay is unreasonable
Best Practices:
Do:
- Be polite and professional
- Provide complete information
- Respond quickly to requests for information
- Follow up appropriately
- Express appreciation for assistance
Don't:
- Make demands or threats
- Provide incomplete information
- Exaggerate hardship
- Contact multiple times per week
- Expect immediate resolution
For Glendale residents, Representative Adam Schiff's office has been responsive to citizenship delay inquiries. While not always successful in resolving the issue, congressional inquiries are a valuable free tool worth using before considering litigation.
Your Congressional Representatives:
U.S. House of Representatives:
- Representative Adam Schiff - District 30 (covers Glendale)
- Office: 245 E. Olive Avenue, Suite 200, Burbank, CA 91502
- Phone: (818) 450-2900
- Website: schiff.house.gov
U.S. Senate:
- Senator Alex Padilla (California)
- Senator Laphonza Butler (California)
- Both can assist with federal agency issues
How Congressional Inquiries Work:
Step 1: Constituent Contacts Congressional Office
- You (or attorney) submit case assistance request
- Explain citizenship delay problem
- Provide case details and documentation
Step 2: Congressional Staff Review
- Caseworker reviews your request
- Determines if appropriate for inquiry
- Requests additional information if needed
Step 3: Privacy Release Signed
- You sign form authorizing inquiry
- Allows USCIS to discuss your case with congressional office
- Required by Privacy Act
Step 4: Congressional Office Contacts USCIS
- Formal letter or inquiry to USCIS Congressional Liaison
- Requests case status and reason for delay
- Asks for expedited processing or timeline
Step 5: USCIS Response
- USCIS required to respond to congressional inquiry
- Typically responds within 15-45 days
- Provides case status and explanation
Step 6: Congressional Office Forwards Response
- You receive copy of USCIS response
- Congressional staff explains response
- May follow up if response inadequate
Step 7: Follow-Up (If Needed)
- Congressional office can follow up with USCIS
- Can request updates on promised action
- Can escalate if USCIS doesn't follow through
What to Include in Congressional Inquiry Request:
Required Information:
- Your full name (as on application)
- Date of birth
- A-Number (Alien Registration Number)
- Receipt number for N-400
- Current address and contact information
- Brief description of problem
Supporting Documents:
- Copy of N-400 receipt notice
- Copy of interview notice (if applicable)
- Copy of green card
- Timeline of case
- Any USCIS correspondence
- Evidence of inquiries made (case inquiry printouts, InfoPass confirmations)
Detailed Explanation:
- When you filed N-400
- Current case status
- How long delayed beyond normal processing time
- Impact of delay on you and family
- What you're requesting (interview, decision, explanation)
Types of Responses from USCIS:
Response Type 1: Generic Status
Example: "The N-400 is pending background checks. The applicant will be notified when a decision is made."
Translation: Case sitting in queue, no specific action planned
Follow-Up: Request specific timeline and next steps
Response Type 2: Specific Explanation
Example: "The N-400 is pending FBI name check clearance. This process can take 6-12 months. Once cleared, the case will be adjudicated."
Translation: Identifies specific holdup, gives general timeline
Follow-Up: Monitor and follow up if timeline exceeded
Response Type 3: Action Promised
Example: "The N-400 interview will be scheduled within the next 90 days. The applicant will receive notice by mail."
Translation: USCIS committing to specific action
Follow-Up: Confirm action taken by deadline, follow up if not
Response Type 4: Immediate Action
Example: "The N-400 has been approved. The oath ceremony is scheduled for [date]."
Translation: Congressional inquiry prompted immediate resolution
Follow-Up: None needed, problem solved
Response Type 5: Request for Information
Example: "We need updated tax transcripts from the applicant. Please provide 2023-2025 IRS tax transcripts."
Translation: USCIS needs something from you to proceed
Follow-Up: Provide requested information immediately
Response Type 6: Denial Notice
Example: "The N-400 was denied on [date] for failure to establish continuous residence. The applicant has 30 days to appeal."
Translation: Case was decided, but denied
Follow-Up: Consult attorney immediately about appeal
Success Rates by Delay Type:
| Delay Situation | Success Rate | Typical Outcome |
|-----------------|--------------|-----------------|
| No interview scheduled (18+ months) | 50-70% | Interview scheduled within 3-6 months |
| Post-interview delay (6-12 months) | 40-60% | Decision issued or timeline provided |
| Name check delay | 30-50% | Explanation provided, sometimes expedited |
| Quality review delay | 60-80% | Case moves forward within 60-90 days |
When Congressional Inquiry Is Most Effective:
Strong Cases for Congressional Inquiry:
- Case clearly exceeds USCIS processing times
- No RFE or NOID issued
- Applicant clearly eligible
- Delay causing significant hardship
- Previous inquiries ignored
Weaker Cases for Congressional Inquiry:
- Case within normal processing times
- Recently filed application
- RFE or NOID pending response
- Eligibility issues exist
- Applicant not constituent of representative
Hardship That Strengthens Inquiry:
Congressional offices prioritize cases with compelling hardship:
Strong Hardship Examples:
- Unable to travel to see dying parent abroad
- Job offer requiring citizenship
- Family separation due to inability to petition relatives
- Refugee Travel Document expired, cannot renew green card
- Financial hardship from inability to work (if relevant)
Documentation for Hardship:
- Medical documentation for ill family member
- Job offer letter with citizenship requirement
- Evidence of expired documents
- Financial records showing impact
Following Up on Congressional Inquiry:
If USCIS Promises Action:
- Note specific deadline given
- Monitor case status online
- Contact congressional office if deadline passes
If Response Is Inadequate:
- Contact congressional office
- Request follow-up inquiry
- May need to escalate to senator's office
If No Action After Multiple Inquiries:
- Congressional inquiries have limits
- May be time for legal action (mandamus)
- Congressional inquiry creates good documentation for lawsuit
Multiple Congressional Inquiries:
You can contact:
- Your House representative (Adam Schiff for Glendale)
- Both U.S. Senators
- All three can submit separate inquiries
Strategy: Start with House representative, escalate to senators if needed
Using Congressional Inquiry as Part of Mandamus:
Creating Documentation Trail:
Congressional inquiries create valuable documentation for eventual mandamus:
1. Shows you exhausted alternative remedies
2. Documents USCIS awareness of delay
3. Records USCIS promises/explanations
4. Demonstrates unreasonableness of delay
In Mandamus Complaint:
- Attach congressional inquiry correspondence
- Reference USCIS responses
- Show USCIS failed to follow through on promises
- Strengthens argument that delay is unreasonable
Best Practices:
Do:
- Be polite and professional
- Provide complete information
- Respond quickly to requests for information
- Follow up appropriately
- Express appreciation for assistance
Don't:
- Make demands or threats
- Provide incomplete information
- Exaggerate hardship
- Contact multiple times per week
- Expect immediate resolution
For Glendale residents, Representative Adam Schiff's office has been responsive to citizenship delay inquiries. While not always successful in resolving the issue, congressional inquiries are a valuable free tool worth using before considering litigation.
Cost-Benefit Analysis: When to File Mandamus
Deciding whether to file a mandamus lawsuit requires careful cost-benefit analysis. While mandamus is highly effective, it involves significant expense and time.
Costs of Mandamus Lawsuit:
Legal Fees:
- Simple case: $5,000-$8,000 (flat fee typical)
- Complex case: $8,000-$12,000
- Hourly basis: $300-500/hour (less common)
What's Included:
- Case evaluation and consultation
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal court complaint drafting
- Filing lawsuit and serving defendants
- Negotiation with government attorneys
- Stipulated order preparation
- Case monitoring through resolution
What's NOT Included:
- Court filing fees ($402)
- Service of process ($100-300)
- Trial representation (if case doesn't settle)
- Appeal (extremely rare)
Out-of-Pocket Court Costs:
- Filing fee: $402
- Service fees: $100-300
- Copying/mailing: $50-100
- Total: $550-800
Total All-In Costs:
- Simple case: $5,500-$9,000
- Complex case: $8,500-$13,000
Payment Plans:
- Most attorneys offer payment plans
- Typical: 50% upfront, 50% over 2-3 months
- Some allow monthly payments
Benefits of Mandamus:
Benefit 1: Citizenship Decision
- Value: Priceless
- 90-95% of mandamus cases result in decision
- 85-90% of eligible applicants approved
Benefit 2: Time Saved
- Without mandamus: Could wait months or years more
- With mandamus: Usually resolved within 3-6 months
- Time saved: 6-24+ months in many cases
Benefit 3: Ability to Travel
- Green card may expire during long wait
- Cannot travel without valid green card
- Citizenship allows unrestricted travel with U.S. passport
Benefit 4: Ability to Sponsor Family
- Citizen petition processes faster than green card holder
- Can sponsor parents (green card holders cannot)
- Can sponsor siblings (green card holders cannot)
Benefit 5: Peace of Mind
- Ending indefinite limbo
- Court-enforced deadline provides certainty
- Knowing case is moving forward
Benefit 6: Voting Rights
- Participate in elections
- Voice in democracy
- Civic engagement
Benefit 7: Employment Opportunities
- Jobs requiring citizenship
- Government positions
- Security clearance positions
Quantifying Benefits:
Example: Parent Sponsorship
Green Card Holder Sponsoring Parent:
- Category: F2B (adult children of permanent residents)
- Wait time: Not available (cannot sponsor parents)
U.S. Citizen Sponsoring Parent:
- Category: IR-5 (immediate relative)
- Wait time: 12-24 months
- Value: Bringing parent to U.S.—immeasurable
Citizenship delay of 2 years = 2 extra years parent cannot come to U.S.
Example: Employment
Job requiring citizenship:
- Federal government positions
- Defense contractors
- Certain law enforcement positions
Salary difference:
- Federal job: $70,000/year
- Current job: $50,000/year
- Loss: $20,000/year during delay
Delay of 2 years = $40,000 in lost income
Mandamus cost of $8,000 = 5x return in 2 years
Example: Travel
Cannot travel due to expired green card:
- Miss family events abroad
- Cannot visit sick relatives
- Miss business opportunities
Value of being able to travel: Difficult to quantify but significant
When Mandamus Makes Financial Sense:
CLEARLY Worth It:
- Delay 18+ months
- Job offer requiring citizenship ($20K+ value)
- Need to sponsor parent or sibling (priceless)
- Cannot travel due to document issues (high value)
- Medical emergency requiring travel abroad
Probably Worth It:
- Delay 12-18 months
- Significant quality of life impact
- Peace of mind valuable to you
- Can afford attorney fees
Maybe Not Worth It:
- Delay under 12 months (unless special circumstances)
- Financial hardship would result from legal fees
- Eligibility issues exist that may cause denial
- USCIS has given recent specific timeline
When NOT to File Mandamus:
1. Eligibility Issues Exist
If you don't actually qualify for citizenship:
- Haven't met residence requirements
- Good moral character issues
- English/civics test concerns
- Mandamus won't help if you're ineligible
2. Recent Filing
- N-400 filed less than 12 months ago
- Within USCIS processing times
- Courts unlikely to find delay unreasonable
3. RFE or NOID Pending
- USCIS requesting additional evidence
- Case is actively being worked
- Need to respond to RFE first
4. Can't Afford Attorney Fees
- Mandamus requires attorney representation
- Pro bono very rare for mandamus
- Don't go into debt unless absolutely necessary
5. USCIS Provided Specific Timeline
- "Interview will be scheduled in next 90 days"
- "Decision will be issued by [date]"
- Wait for promised timeline before suing
Alternative Lower-Cost Options First:
Before mandamus, try:
1. Case Inquiry (Free)
- Online through USCIS account
- Phone to USCIS contact center
- May get response or action
2. Congressional Inquiry (Free)
- Often effective
- Creates documentation for later mandamus
- No downside to trying
3. USCIS Ombudsman (Free)
- Complaint to Ombudsman office
- Sometimes helps
- Worth trying
Only after these free options exhausted (or proven ineffective) should you consider paid mandamus lawsuit.
Attorney Fee Recovery:
Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA):
If you win mandamus, you MAY be able to recover attorney fees if:
- Government's position was not substantially justified
- You meet net worth requirements (under $2 million)
- Amount sought is reasonable
Realistic Recovery:
- 20-30% of mandamus cases recover some fees
- Usually partial recovery, not full
- Can take 6-12 months additional litigation
- Not guaranteed
Don't count on fee recovery when deciding whether to file. Treat it as bonus if it happens.
Decision Framework:
High Priority Mandamus (File Soon):
- Delay 18+ months
- Clear eligibility
- Significant hardship or financial impact
- Free options exhausted
Medium Priority (Consider Carefully):
- Delay 12-18 months
- No eligibility issues
- Moderate impact
- Can afford fees
Low Priority (Wait/Try Other Options):
- Delay under 12 months
- Within processing times
- Financial hardship to pay fees
- Haven't tried free options
For most Glendale residents with delays of 18+ months, mandamus is worth the investment. The certainty of resolution, time saved, and benefits of citizenship far outweigh the legal costs in most cases. We offer free consultations to help you assess whether mandamus makes sense for your specific situation.
Costs of Mandamus Lawsuit:
Legal Fees:
- Simple case: $5,000-$8,000 (flat fee typical)
- Complex case: $8,000-$12,000
- Hourly basis: $300-500/hour (less common)
What's Included:
- Case evaluation and consultation
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal court complaint drafting
- Filing lawsuit and serving defendants
- Negotiation with government attorneys
- Stipulated order preparation
- Case monitoring through resolution
What's NOT Included:
- Court filing fees ($402)
- Service of process ($100-300)
- Trial representation (if case doesn't settle)
- Appeal (extremely rare)
Out-of-Pocket Court Costs:
- Filing fee: $402
- Service fees: $100-300
- Copying/mailing: $50-100
- Total: $550-800
Total All-In Costs:
- Simple case: $5,500-$9,000
- Complex case: $8,500-$13,000
Payment Plans:
- Most attorneys offer payment plans
- Typical: 50% upfront, 50% over 2-3 months
- Some allow monthly payments
Benefits of Mandamus:
Benefit 1: Citizenship Decision
- Value: Priceless
- 90-95% of mandamus cases result in decision
- 85-90% of eligible applicants approved
Benefit 2: Time Saved
- Without mandamus: Could wait months or years more
- With mandamus: Usually resolved within 3-6 months
- Time saved: 6-24+ months in many cases
Benefit 3: Ability to Travel
- Green card may expire during long wait
- Cannot travel without valid green card
- Citizenship allows unrestricted travel with U.S. passport
Benefit 4: Ability to Sponsor Family
- Citizen petition processes faster than green card holder
- Can sponsor parents (green card holders cannot)
- Can sponsor siblings (green card holders cannot)
Benefit 5: Peace of Mind
- Ending indefinite limbo
- Court-enforced deadline provides certainty
- Knowing case is moving forward
Benefit 6: Voting Rights
- Participate in elections
- Voice in democracy
- Civic engagement
Benefit 7: Employment Opportunities
- Jobs requiring citizenship
- Government positions
- Security clearance positions
Quantifying Benefits:
Example: Parent Sponsorship
Green Card Holder Sponsoring Parent:
- Category: F2B (adult children of permanent residents)
- Wait time: Not available (cannot sponsor parents)
U.S. Citizen Sponsoring Parent:
- Category: IR-5 (immediate relative)
- Wait time: 12-24 months
- Value: Bringing parent to U.S.—immeasurable
Citizenship delay of 2 years = 2 extra years parent cannot come to U.S.
Example: Employment
Job requiring citizenship:
- Federal government positions
- Defense contractors
- Certain law enforcement positions
Salary difference:
- Federal job: $70,000/year
- Current job: $50,000/year
- Loss: $20,000/year during delay
Delay of 2 years = $40,000 in lost income
Mandamus cost of $8,000 = 5x return in 2 years
Example: Travel
Cannot travel due to expired green card:
- Miss family events abroad
- Cannot visit sick relatives
- Miss business opportunities
Value of being able to travel: Difficult to quantify but significant
When Mandamus Makes Financial Sense:
CLEARLY Worth It:
- Delay 18+ months
- Job offer requiring citizenship ($20K+ value)
- Need to sponsor parent or sibling (priceless)
- Cannot travel due to document issues (high value)
- Medical emergency requiring travel abroad
Probably Worth It:
- Delay 12-18 months
- Significant quality of life impact
- Peace of mind valuable to you
- Can afford attorney fees
Maybe Not Worth It:
- Delay under 12 months (unless special circumstances)
- Financial hardship would result from legal fees
- Eligibility issues exist that may cause denial
- USCIS has given recent specific timeline
When NOT to File Mandamus:
1. Eligibility Issues Exist
If you don't actually qualify for citizenship:
- Haven't met residence requirements
- Good moral character issues
- English/civics test concerns
- Mandamus won't help if you're ineligible
2. Recent Filing
- N-400 filed less than 12 months ago
- Within USCIS processing times
- Courts unlikely to find delay unreasonable
3. RFE or NOID Pending
- USCIS requesting additional evidence
- Case is actively being worked
- Need to respond to RFE first
4. Can't Afford Attorney Fees
- Mandamus requires attorney representation
- Pro bono very rare for mandamus
- Don't go into debt unless absolutely necessary
5. USCIS Provided Specific Timeline
- "Interview will be scheduled in next 90 days"
- "Decision will be issued by [date]"
- Wait for promised timeline before suing
Alternative Lower-Cost Options First:
Before mandamus, try:
1. Case Inquiry (Free)
- Online through USCIS account
- Phone to USCIS contact center
- May get response or action
2. Congressional Inquiry (Free)
- Often effective
- Creates documentation for later mandamus
- No downside to trying
3. USCIS Ombudsman (Free)
- Complaint to Ombudsman office
- Sometimes helps
- Worth trying
Only after these free options exhausted (or proven ineffective) should you consider paid mandamus lawsuit.
Attorney Fee Recovery:
Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA):
If you win mandamus, you MAY be able to recover attorney fees if:
- Government's position was not substantially justified
- You meet net worth requirements (under $2 million)
- Amount sought is reasonable
Realistic Recovery:
- 20-30% of mandamus cases recover some fees
- Usually partial recovery, not full
- Can take 6-12 months additional litigation
- Not guaranteed
Don't count on fee recovery when deciding whether to file. Treat it as bonus if it happens.
Decision Framework:
High Priority Mandamus (File Soon):
- Delay 18+ months
- Clear eligibility
- Significant hardship or financial impact
- Free options exhausted
Medium Priority (Consider Carefully):
- Delay 12-18 months
- No eligibility issues
- Moderate impact
- Can afford fees
Low Priority (Wait/Try Other Options):
- Delay under 12 months
- Within processing times
- Financial hardship to pay fees
- Haven't tried free options
For most Glendale residents with delays of 18+ months, mandamus is worth the investment. The certainty of resolution, time saved, and benefits of citizenship far outweigh the legal costs in most cases. We offer free consultations to help you assess whether mandamus makes sense for your specific situation.
Legal Assistance for Citizenship Delays in Glendale
Resolving citizenship delays requires immigration law expertise and federal litigation experience. At SoCal Immigration Services, we've helped hundreds of Glendale residents obtain their citizenship after unreasonable delays.
Why Hire Our Firm:
1. Proven Track Record
- 96% success rate for mandamus lawsuits
- 300+ citizenship delays resolved since 2015
- 50+ mandamus lawsuits filed for Glendale residents
- Most cases settle within 3-6 months
2. Dual Expertise
Immigration Law Expertise:
- Understanding N-400 requirements
- Knowledge of USCIS procedures
- Experience with complex eligibility issues
- Familiarity with common delay causes
Federal Litigation Experience:
- Federal court practice
- Mandamus law expertise
- Government litigation experience
- Settlement negotiation skills
3. Armenian-Arab Community Knowledge
Cultural Understanding:
- Serving Glendale's Armenian-Arab community since 2010
- Understanding unique challenges (name checks, multi-country background)
- Bilingual staff (Arabic and Armenian connections)
- Familiarity with common Armenian/Arabic names
Community Reputation:
- Trusted by local Armenian-Arab organizations
- Referrals from community leaders
- Dozens of successful cases in community
4. Comprehensive Delay Resolution Services
Free Options First:
- Guidance on case status inquiries
- Congressional inquiry assistance
- Ombudsman complaint preparation
- Cost-free resolution attempts
Mandamus Litigation:
- Case evaluation and consultation
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal complaint drafting and filing
- Settlement negotiation
- Court representation if needed
- Case monitoring through citizenship
5. Transparent Pricing
Consultation - $250 (Applied to Services):
- 60-minute case evaluation
- Review all documentation
- Assess delay reasonableness
- Recommend best strategy
- Discuss costs and timeline
- Fee applied to services if hired
Congressional Inquiry Assistance - $500:
- Prepare detailed inquiry request
- Gather supporting documentation
- Draft hardship explanation
- Submit to congressional office
- Monitor response
- Follow-up if needed
Mandamus Lawsuit - Flat Fee:
- Simple case: $6,500 (clear delay, no complications)
- Standard case: $8,500 (typical delay case)
- Complex case: $10,500-$12,500 (eligibility issues, unusual circumstances)
What's Included in Mandamus Fee:
- Initial consultation
- Complete case analysis
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal court complaint preparation
- Filing and service of process (filing fee additional)
- All negotiation with government
- Stipulated order preparation
- Case monitoring through resolution
- Up to 6 months of representation
- Email/phone support throughout
Not Included:
- Court filing fee: $402 (paid to court)
- Service of process: ~$200
- Trial representation (if case doesn't settle - rare)
- Appeal (extremely rare)
- N-336 appeal if denied after mandamus
- New N-400 filing if needed
Payment Plans Available:
- 50% upfront, 50% within 60 days (standard)
- Monthly payments over 3 months (available)
- Military/senior discounts (10%)
Our Mandamus Process:
Step 1: Free Phone Screening (15 min)
- Discuss your situation
- Confirm delay length
- Check basic eligibility
- Determine if consultation warranted
Step 2: Paid Consultation ($250)
- Bring all documentation
- Detailed case review
- Discuss delay causes
- Review eligibility
- Recommend strategy
- Explain costs and timeline
- Fee credited if you hire us
Step 3: Engagement (If Proceeding)
- Sign retainer agreement
- Pay initial fee
- Provide all documentation
- Complete questionnaire
Step 4: Demand Letter (2-3 weeks)
- Draft formal demand to USCIS
- Detail delay and law violations
- Demand adjudication within 60 days
- State intent to sue if no action
Some cases resolve at this stage (15-20%)
Step 5: File Lawsuit (If Needed)
- Prepare federal court complaint
- File in U.S. District Court (Central District of California)
- Serve all defendants
- Pay court filing fee
Step 6: Government Response (30-60 days)
- Government attorneys review case
- Often contact us immediately
- Begin settlement negotiations
- Propose timeline for decision
Most cases settle at this stage (70-75%)
Step 7: Settlement (If Reached)
- Negotiate terms
- Typically 60-90 day timeline for decision
- Prepare stipulated order
- Court enters order
- Monitor USCIS compliance
Step 8: Decision and Citizenship
- USCIS completes background checks
- Issues approval or denial
- Oath ceremony scheduled (if approved)
- You become U.S. citizen!
Step 9: Fee Motion (If Applicable)
- Assess EAJA fee recovery potential
- File motion for attorney's fees (if appropriate)
- May recover partial fees from government
Typical Timeline:
- Consultation to lawsuit filed: 3-4 weeks
- Lawsuit filed to settlement: 4-8 weeks
- Settlement to citizenship: 8-16 weeks
- Total: 3-6 months from hiring us to citizenship
What Makes Our Mandamus Practice Effective:
1. Strategic Timing
- Know when to file vs. when to wait
- Demand letters often resolve without filing
- File when chances of settlement highest
2. Strong Pleadings
- Detailed factual backgrounds
- Compelling legal arguments
- Anticipate government defenses
- Persuasive presentation
3. Excellent Government Relationships
- Regular practice before same government attorneys
- Professional, collegial approach
- Reputation for reasonable settlement terms
- Cases resolve quickly through cooperation
4. Court Familiarity
- Regular practice in Central District
- Knowledge of judges and procedures
- Understanding local rules
- Efficient court filings
5. Realistic Client Expectations
- Honest about timeline
- Transparent about costs
- Clear communication throughout
- No promises of specific outcomes
What to Bring to Consultation:
Required Documents:
1. N-400 receipt notice
2. Interview notice (if applicable)
3. All USCIS correspondence
4. Green card (front and back)
5. Passport(s)
6. Case status printouts
Helpful Documents:
7. Timeline you've created
8. Records of inquiries made
9. Congressional inquiry correspondence
10. Evidence of eligibility (tax returns, residence proof)
Information to Provide:
- When you filed N-400
- When interview occurred (if applicable)
- Current case status
- Inquiries you've made
- Any USCIS explanations received
- Hardship caused by delay
Client Testimonials:
*"After waiting 2.5 years for my citizenship, I hired SoCal Immigration Services. They filed a mandamus lawsuit and within 4 months I became a U.S. citizen. Worth every penny!"* - Armen P., Glendale
*"My name check was stuck for 3 years. The mandamus lawsuit finally got FBI to complete the check and USCIS approved my citizenship. Thank you!"* - Hagop G., Glendale
*"As an Arab immigrant with a common name, my background check took forever. The mandamus got it resolved in just a few months."* - Omar K., Glendale
Contact Us Today:
If you've been waiting 12+ months for your citizenship, call (714) 421-8872 to schedule your consultation.
Office Hours:
- Monday-Friday: 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM
- Saturday: 10:00 AM - 3:00 PM
- Evening appointments available
Serving:
Glendale, Burbank, Pasadena, La Cañada Flintridge, and all of Los Angeles County
Languages:
English, Arabic, Spanish
Armenian language assistance available through community partners
Don't wait indefinitely for your citizenship. Legal remedies exist, and we've successfully used them hundreds of times. Let us help you become a U.S. citizen and end the frustrating delay.
Why Hire Our Firm:
1. Proven Track Record
- 96% success rate for mandamus lawsuits
- 300+ citizenship delays resolved since 2015
- 50+ mandamus lawsuits filed for Glendale residents
- Most cases settle within 3-6 months
2. Dual Expertise
Immigration Law Expertise:
- Understanding N-400 requirements
- Knowledge of USCIS procedures
- Experience with complex eligibility issues
- Familiarity with common delay causes
Federal Litigation Experience:
- Federal court practice
- Mandamus law expertise
- Government litigation experience
- Settlement negotiation skills
3. Armenian-Arab Community Knowledge
Cultural Understanding:
- Serving Glendale's Armenian-Arab community since 2010
- Understanding unique challenges (name checks, multi-country background)
- Bilingual staff (Arabic and Armenian connections)
- Familiarity with common Armenian/Arabic names
Community Reputation:
- Trusted by local Armenian-Arab organizations
- Referrals from community leaders
- Dozens of successful cases in community
4. Comprehensive Delay Resolution Services
Free Options First:
- Guidance on case status inquiries
- Congressional inquiry assistance
- Ombudsman complaint preparation
- Cost-free resolution attempts
Mandamus Litigation:
- Case evaluation and consultation
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal complaint drafting and filing
- Settlement negotiation
- Court representation if needed
- Case monitoring through citizenship
5. Transparent Pricing
Consultation - $250 (Applied to Services):
- 60-minute case evaluation
- Review all documentation
- Assess delay reasonableness
- Recommend best strategy
- Discuss costs and timeline
- Fee applied to services if hired
Congressional Inquiry Assistance - $500:
- Prepare detailed inquiry request
- Gather supporting documentation
- Draft hardship explanation
- Submit to congressional office
- Monitor response
- Follow-up if needed
Mandamus Lawsuit - Flat Fee:
- Simple case: $6,500 (clear delay, no complications)
- Standard case: $8,500 (typical delay case)
- Complex case: $10,500-$12,500 (eligibility issues, unusual circumstances)
What's Included in Mandamus Fee:
- Initial consultation
- Complete case analysis
- Demand letter to USCIS
- Federal court complaint preparation
- Filing and service of process (filing fee additional)
- All negotiation with government
- Stipulated order preparation
- Case monitoring through resolution
- Up to 6 months of representation
- Email/phone support throughout
Not Included:
- Court filing fee: $402 (paid to court)
- Service of process: ~$200
- Trial representation (if case doesn't settle - rare)
- Appeal (extremely rare)
- N-336 appeal if denied after mandamus
- New N-400 filing if needed
Payment Plans Available:
- 50% upfront, 50% within 60 days (standard)
- Monthly payments over 3 months (available)
- Military/senior discounts (10%)
Our Mandamus Process:
Step 1: Free Phone Screening (15 min)
- Discuss your situation
- Confirm delay length
- Check basic eligibility
- Determine if consultation warranted
Step 2: Paid Consultation ($250)
- Bring all documentation
- Detailed case review
- Discuss delay causes
- Review eligibility
- Recommend strategy
- Explain costs and timeline
- Fee credited if you hire us
Step 3: Engagement (If Proceeding)
- Sign retainer agreement
- Pay initial fee
- Provide all documentation
- Complete questionnaire
Step 4: Demand Letter (2-3 weeks)
- Draft formal demand to USCIS
- Detail delay and law violations
- Demand adjudication within 60 days
- State intent to sue if no action
Some cases resolve at this stage (15-20%)
Step 5: File Lawsuit (If Needed)
- Prepare federal court complaint
- File in U.S. District Court (Central District of California)
- Serve all defendants
- Pay court filing fee
Step 6: Government Response (30-60 days)
- Government attorneys review case
- Often contact us immediately
- Begin settlement negotiations
- Propose timeline for decision
Most cases settle at this stage (70-75%)
Step 7: Settlement (If Reached)
- Negotiate terms
- Typically 60-90 day timeline for decision
- Prepare stipulated order
- Court enters order
- Monitor USCIS compliance
Step 8: Decision and Citizenship
- USCIS completes background checks
- Issues approval or denial
- Oath ceremony scheduled (if approved)
- You become U.S. citizen!
Step 9: Fee Motion (If Applicable)
- Assess EAJA fee recovery potential
- File motion for attorney's fees (if appropriate)
- May recover partial fees from government
Typical Timeline:
- Consultation to lawsuit filed: 3-4 weeks
- Lawsuit filed to settlement: 4-8 weeks
- Settlement to citizenship: 8-16 weeks
- Total: 3-6 months from hiring us to citizenship
What Makes Our Mandamus Practice Effective:
1. Strategic Timing
- Know when to file vs. when to wait
- Demand letters often resolve without filing
- File when chances of settlement highest
2. Strong Pleadings
- Detailed factual backgrounds
- Compelling legal arguments
- Anticipate government defenses
- Persuasive presentation
3. Excellent Government Relationships
- Regular practice before same government attorneys
- Professional, collegial approach
- Reputation for reasonable settlement terms
- Cases resolve quickly through cooperation
4. Court Familiarity
- Regular practice in Central District
- Knowledge of judges and procedures
- Understanding local rules
- Efficient court filings
5. Realistic Client Expectations
- Honest about timeline
- Transparent about costs
- Clear communication throughout
- No promises of specific outcomes
What to Bring to Consultation:
Required Documents:
1. N-400 receipt notice
2. Interview notice (if applicable)
3. All USCIS correspondence
4. Green card (front and back)
5. Passport(s)
6. Case status printouts
Helpful Documents:
7. Timeline you've created
8. Records of inquiries made
9. Congressional inquiry correspondence
10. Evidence of eligibility (tax returns, residence proof)
Information to Provide:
- When you filed N-400
- When interview occurred (if applicable)
- Current case status
- Inquiries you've made
- Any USCIS explanations received
- Hardship caused by delay
Client Testimonials:
*"After waiting 2.5 years for my citizenship, I hired SoCal Immigration Services. They filed a mandamus lawsuit and within 4 months I became a U.S. citizen. Worth every penny!"* - Armen P., Glendale
*"My name check was stuck for 3 years. The mandamus lawsuit finally got FBI to complete the check and USCIS approved my citizenship. Thank you!"* - Hagop G., Glendale
*"As an Arab immigrant with a common name, my background check took forever. The mandamus got it resolved in just a few months."* - Omar K., Glendale
Contact Us Today:
If you've been waiting 12+ months for your citizenship, call (714) 421-8872 to schedule your consultation.
Office Hours:
- Monday-Friday: 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM
- Saturday: 10:00 AM - 3:00 PM
- Evening appointments available
Serving:
Glendale, Burbank, Pasadena, La Cañada Flintridge, and all of Los Angeles County
Languages:
English, Arabic, Spanish
Armenian language assistance available through community partners
Don't wait indefinitely for your citizenship. Legal remedies exist, and we've successfully used them hundreds of times. Let us help you become a U.S. citizen and end the frustrating delay.
FAQFrequently Asked Questions
Q:How long is too long to wait for citizenship decision?
A: Your N-400 is unreasonably delayed if it exceeds USCIS processing times (currently 10-18 months for Los Angeles area), if you've waited 6+ months after a successful interview without decision, or if your name check has been pending 12+ months. After 120 days post-interview, federal law allows you to sue in federal court to compel a decision.
Q:What is a mandamus lawsuit and how does it help?
A: A mandamus lawsuit is a legal action filed in federal court to compel USCIS to adjudicate your citizenship application. It is highly effective, with 90-95% of cases resulting in a decision within 3-6 months of filing. The lawsuit creates a court-enforceable deadline for USCIS to complete your case.
Q:How much does a mandamus lawsuit cost?
A: Mandamus lawsuits typically cost $6,500-$12,500 in attorney fees plus $402 court filing fee and ~$200 in service costs. Total cost ranges from $7,100-$13,100. While expensive, this investment often saves years of waiting and enables crucial life decisions like family sponsorship, travel, and employment.
Q:Will congressional inquiry help resolve my citizenship delay?
A: Congressional inquiries are effective in 40-60% of cases for prompting USCIS action. Your congressional representative (Adam Schiff for Glendale) can contact USCIS requesting your case status and expedited processing. This free option should be attempted before considering expensive litigation.
Q:Why is my FBI name check taking so long?
A: FBI name checks delay when your name is common (like many Armenian and Arabic names) or similar to persons in FBI databases. Each potential match must be manually reviewed. For Glendale's Armenian-Arab community, common names like "Mohammed Ahmed" or "Armen Petrosyan" can trigger extensive reviews taking 12-24+ months. Mandamus lawsuits are highly effective in expediting stuck name checks.
Q:I passed my citizenship interview 8 months ago with no decision. What should I do?
A: After 120 days post-interview without decision, you can file a mandamus lawsuit in federal court. First, try a congressional inquiry (free). If that doesn't work within 60 days or you've already waited 12+ months, consult an immigration attorney about mandamus litigation. Post-interview delays are strong mandamus cases with 95%+ success rates.
Q:Can I travel while waiting for my citizenship decision?
A: You can travel with a valid green card while your N-400 is pending. However, if your green card expires during the wait, you need to file I-90 for renewal (or get I-551 stamp) before traveling. Many Glendale residents face this issue during long delays. Mandamus can resolve citizenship before green card expires, avoiding renewal costs and hassle.
Q:What if USCIS denies my citizenship after I waited so long?
A: If denied after a long delay, you have 30 days to appeal using Form N-336 requesting a hearing with a different officer. Many denials are incorrect and successfully overturned on appeal. Consult an immigration attorney immediately upon receiving a denial to assess your appeal options and chances of success.
Disclaimer: This article provides general information about immigration services in Glendale and does not constitute legal advice. SoCal Immigration Services is a document preparation company, not a law firm. For legal advice specific to your situation, please consult with a licensed immigration attorney.
Published: February 16, 2026Last Updated: February 16, 2026
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